Syntax:

barplot(H,xlab,ylab,main, names.arg,col)

Example:

# Create the input vectors.
colors = c("green","orange","brown")
months <- c("Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul")
regions <- c("East","West","North")

# Create the matrix of the values.
Values <- matrix(c(2,9,3,11,9,4,8,7,3,12,5,2,8,10,11), nrow = 3, ncol = 5, byrow = TRUE)

# Give the chart file a name
png(file = "barchartnew.png")

# Create the bar chart
barplot(Values, main = "total revenue", names.arg = months, xlab = "month", ylab = "revenue", col = colors)

# Add the legend to the chart
legend("topleft", regions, cex = 1.3, fill = colors)

# Save the file
dev.off()


#goto your current directory(document) open file barchartnew.png
#you will get image same as

There are Two Types of Functions in C

• predefined functions
• user defined functions

Predefined functions

• These functions are already defined in the system libraries.
• Programmer can reuse the existing code in the system libraries which is helpful to write error free code.
• User must be aware of syntax of the function.

Example: printf() , clrscr()

User defined functions

• These functions must be defined by the programmer or user.
• Programmer has to write the coding for such functions and test them properly before using them.
• The syntax of the function is given by the user so there is no need to include any header files.

Example: main(), swap(), sum(), etc..

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

signed main() {
int n, m, a, b;
cin >> n >> m;
vector<int> start(n);
vector<vector<int>> adj(n);
bitset<50000> ans[n];
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
cin >> a >> b;
adj[b - 1].push_back(a - 1);
start[a - 1]++;
}
queue<int> q;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(start[i]) continue;
ans[i].set(i);
q.push(i);
}

while(!q.empty()) {
int node = q.front(); 
q.pop();
for(int child: adj[node]) {
ans[child] |= ans[node];
start[child]--;
if(start[child] == 0) {
ans[child].set(child);
q.push(child);
}
}
}

for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
cout << ans[i].count() << " ";
cout << '\n';
}