State the situations under which gateways are necessary in the network. Give one example.
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Gateway operates at all 7 layers of the OSI model. It is a device, which connects two different dissimilar n/w which have the same function of communication. The situation where gateways are necessary for different n/w like Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, etc. It can communicate if they are using the same protocol for communication like TCP/IP 08 Apple talk if they are using different protocols from gateway cash forward packets across different n/w s that may also use different protocols. Eg: if n/w A is a Token Ring network using TCP/IP & network B is a Novell Network, a gateway can relay frames between the two. This means that a gateway has not only had but also between different protocols. In certain situations, the only changes required are to the frame header. In other cases, the gateway must take the case of different frame sizes, data rates, formats, acknowledgment schemes, priority schemes, etc.
Features of Gateways